State
is a system's configuration, attributes, condition, or information content
temporary: changes with time
volatile: it will be lost or reset to some initial state if the
system is switched off
simple example: a light, which is either on or off
complex example: electrical activation in a human brain while
solving a problem
in computing states are usually discrete, with instantaneous transitions
HTTP is stateless
All HTTP requests are independent of preceding requests
Each HTTP response depends entirely on the information contained
in the corresponding request
Advantage: allows a simple and efficient Web server implementation
Disadvantage: complex Web applications are rather difficult / complex